Question

What is the process of activation of amino acids in the presence of ATP and its linkage to their cognate tRNA known as?

• (A) Aminoacylation or tRNA charging
• (B) Aminoacylation or mRNA charging
• (C) Aminoacylation or rRNA charging
• (D) Aminoacylation or DNA charging

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Explanation:
Amino acid activation (also known as aminoacylation or tRNA charging) refers to the attachment of an amino acid to its respective transfer RNA (tRNA). The reaction occurs in the cell cytosol and consists of two steps: first, the enzyme aminoacyl tRNA synthetase catalyzes the binding of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to a corresponding amino acid, forming a reactive aminoacyl adenylate intermediate (AMP-amino acid) and releasing inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi). Subsequently, aminoacyl tRNA synthetase binds the AMP-amino acid to a tRNA molecule, releasing AMP and attaching the amino acid to the tRNA.The resulting aminoacyl-tRNA is said to be charged.Hence, the correct option is (A).