Question:
What is the action of the following reagents on ethylamine?
I. Chloroform and caustic potash
II. Nitrous acid
What is the action of the following reagents on ethylamine?
I. Chloroform and caustic potash
II. Nitrous acid
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Ethylamine reacts with chloroform and caustic potash to form isocyanides, and with nitrous acid to form diazonium salts.
Updated On: Nov 5, 2025
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Solution and Explanation
1. Chloroform and Caustic Potash on Ethylamine:
When ethylamine (\( \text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{NH}_2 \)) reacts with chloroform (\( \text{CHCl}_3 \)) in the presence of caustic potash (KOH), a reaction occurs forming an isocyanide (also known as an isonitrile). The reaction is:
\[
\text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{NH}_2 + \text{CHCl}_3 + \text{KOH} \rightarrow \text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{NC} + \text{KCl} + \text{H}_2\text{O}
\]
The product is ethyl isocyanide (\( \text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{NC} \)).
2. Nitrous Acid on Ethylamine:
When ethylamine reacts with nitrous acid (\( \text{HNO}_2 \)), it undergoes diazotization to form a diazonium salt. The reaction is:
\[
\text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{NH}_2 + \text{HNO}_2 \rightarrow \text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{N}_2^+ \text{Cl}^- + \text{H}_2\text{O}
\]
The product is ethyl diazonium chloride.
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