Question

What is meant by Other Backward Classes?

Hint:

Anchor points: 15(4), 16(4), 27%, creamy layer, \textitIndra Sawhney (1992).

Answer 1

Under Articles 15(4) and 16(4), OBCs receive reservations in education and public employment—27% at the Union level—subject to the creamy layer exclusion. The policy followed the Mandal Commission recommendations (1990) and was affirmed, with limits, by the Supreme Court in \textit{Indra Sawhney} (1992) (≈55 words).