What is a neutralization reaction? Give two examples.
What is a neutralization reaction? Give two examples.
Solution and Explanation
A reaction in which an acid and base react with each other to give a salt and water is termed as neutralization reaction. In this reaction, energy is evolved in the form of heat.
For example:
(i)
NaOH+HCl\(\rightarrow\)NaCl+H2O
(ii) During indigestion (caused due to the production of excess hydrochloric acid in the stomach), we administer an antacid (generally milk of magnesia, Mg(OH)2 which is basic in nature). The antacid neutralizes the excess of acids and thus gives relief from indigestion.
Mg(OH)2+2HCl\(\rightarrow\)MgCl2+2H2O
Top Questions on Chemical Properties Of Acids And Bases
A milkman adds a very small amount of baking soda to fresh milk.
(a) Why does he shift the pH of the fresh milk from 6 to slightly alkaline?
(b) Why does this milk take a long time to set as curd?- CBSE Class X
- Science
- Chemical Properties Of Acids And Bases
Compounds such as alcohols and glucose also contain hydrogen but are not categorized as acids. Describe an Activity to prove it.
- CBSE Class X
- Science
- Chemical Properties Of Acids And Bases
Give two important uses of washing soda and baking soda.
- CBSE Class X
- Science
- Chemical Properties Of Acids And Bases
Plaster of Paris should be stored in a moisture-proof container. Explain why?
- CBSE Class X
- Science
- Chemical Properties Of Acids And Bases
Fresh milk has a pH of 6. How do you think the pH will change as it turns into curd? Explain your answer.
- CBSE Class X
- Science
- Chemical Properties Of Acids And Bases
Questions Asked in CBSE X exam
- Explain various types of fire extinguishers and their extinguishing materials.
- CBSE Class X - 2024
- Fire extinguisher
- What are the solutions to hazards in respect of Electrical Rescue Techniques?
- CBSE Class X - 2024
- Electrical hazards
- Write some of the symptoms of exposure to toxins when a person has been exposed to chemical hazards in a workplace.
- CBSE Class X - 2024
- Chemical hazards
- Enlist the points to remember for working safely around electrical panels and cabinets.
- CBSE Class X - 2024
- Electrical hazards
- What do you know about the composition of a microwave oven?
- CBSE Class X - 2024
- Repair and Maintenance
Concepts Used:
Acids and Bases
Acid is any hydrogen-containing substance that is capable of donating a proton (hydrogen ion) to another substance. Base is an ion or molecule capable of accepting a hydrogen ion from acid.
Physical Properties of Acids and Bases
| Physical Properties | ACIDS | BASES |
| Taste | Sour | Bitter |
| Colour on Litmus paper | Turns blue litmus red | Turns red litmus blue |
| Ions produced on dissociation | H+ | OH- |
| pH | <7 (less than 7) | >7 (more than 7) |
| Strong acids | HCl, HNO3, H2SO4 | NaOH, KOH |
| Weak Acids | CH3COOH, H3PO4, H2CO3 | NH4OH |
Chemical Properties of Acids and Bases
| Type of Reaction | Acid | Bases |
| Reaction with Metals | Acid + Metal → Salt + Hydrogen gas (H2) E.g., Zn(s)+ dil. H2SO4 → ZnSO4 (Zinc Sulphate) + H2 | Base + Metal → Salt + Hydrogen gas (H2) E.g., 2NaOH +Zn → Na2ZnO2 (Sodium zincate) + H2 |
| Reaction with hydrogen carbonates (bicarbonate) and carbonates | Metal carbonate/Metal hydrogen carbonate + Acid → Salt + Carbon dioxide + Water E.g., HCl+NaOH → NaCl+ H2O 2. Na2CO3+ 2 HCl(aq) →2NaCl(aq)+ H2O(l) + CO2(g) 3. Na2CO3+ 2H2SO4(aq) →2Na2SO4(aq)+ H2O(l) + CO2(g) 4. NaHCO3+ HCl → NaCl+ H2O+ CO2 | Base+ Carbonate/ bicarbonate → No reaction |
| Neutralisation Reaction | Base + Acid → Salt + Water E.g., NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) | Base + Acid → Salt + Water E.g., CaO+ HCl (l) → CaCl2 (aq)+ H2O (l) |
| Reaction with Oxides | Metal oxide + Acid → Salt + Water E.g., CaO+ HCl (l) → CaCl2 (aq)+ H2O (l) | Non- Metallic oxide + Base → Salt + Water E.g., Ca(OH)2+ CO2 → CaCO3+ H2O |
| Dissolution in Water | Acid gives H+ ions in water. E.g., HCl → H+ + Cl- HCl + H2O → H3O+ + Cl– | Base gives OH- ions in water. |
Read more on Acids, Bases and Salts