Question

What are the factors which reduce the efficiency of a transformer?

Hint:

To improve transformer efficiency, minimize core and copper losses and ensure optimal load conditions.

Answer 1

Step 1: Understanding transformer efficiency.
The efficiency of a transformer is determined by how well it converts input power to output power. Factors that reduce transformer efficiency include:
- **Core losses (hysteresis and eddy current losses):** These are the losses that occur due to the alternating magnetic field in the transformer core, leading to heat generation.
- **Copper losses:** These occur due to the resistance of the windings in the transformer. As current flows through the windings, energy is lost as heat.
- **Leakage flux:** Not all magnetic flux produced by the primary coil links with the secondary coil, leading to energy loss.
- **Load losses:** These losses increase as the load on the transformer increases.
- **Iron losses:** These occur due to the resistance of the transformer core to the changing magnetic field.
Step 2: Conclusion.
Thus, core losses, copper losses, leakage flux, and load losses are some of the factors that reduce the efficiency of a transformer.