Question

What are interstitial compounds? Give the classification of alloys with examples.

Hint:

Interstitial compounds enhance material properties; alloys are classified based on atomic arrangement.

Answer 1

Interstitial Compounds: These are compounds formed when small atoms (e.g., H, C, N) occupy interstitial sites in the lattice of transition metals (e.g., Fe, Ti). Example: TiC (titanium carbide), where carbon atoms fit in the metal lattice, enhancing hardness.
Classification of Alloys:
1. **Substitutional Alloys:** Atoms of one metal replace atoms of another in the lattice. Example: Brass (Cu and Zn).
2. **Interstitial Alloys:** Small atoms occupy interstitial sites in a metal lattice. Example: Steel (Fe with C).
3. **Intermetallic Alloys:** Specific stoichiometric compounds of metals. Example: Ni\(_3\)Al (used in jet engines).