Question

Using VSEPR theory, predict the species which has square pyramidal shape.

• A. \(SnCl_{2} \)
• B. \(CCl_{4} \)
• C. \(SO_{3} \)
• D. \(BrF_{5}\)

Hint:

In VSEPR theory, the presence of lone pairs affects the geometry of the molecule. Square pyramidal geometry occurs when there are 5 bonding pairs and 1 lone pair around the central atom.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Understand VSEPR theory. 
VSEPR (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion) theory predicts the geometry of molecules based on the repulsion between electron pairs in the valence shell of the central atom. 
The shape of a molecule depends on the number of bonding pairs and lone pairs around the central atom. 
Step 2: Analyze the given species. 
\(SnCl_{2}\): Central atom Sn has 2 bonding pairs and 1 lone pair. The shape is bent or V-shaped. 
\(CCl_{4}:\) Central atom C has 4 bonding pairs and no lone pairs. The shape is tetrahedral. 
\(SO_{3}\): Central atom S has 3 bonding pairs and no lone pairs. The shape is trigonal planar. 
\(BrF_{5}\): Central atom Br has 5 bonding pairs and 1 lone pair. The shape is square pyramidal. 
Step 3: Determine the correct answer. 
\(BrF_{5}\) has a square pyramidal shape due to 5 bonding pairs and 1 lone pair around the central bromine atom.