Question:

Using properties of sets show that (i) \(A ∪ (A ∩ B) = A \) (ii) \(A ∩ (A ∪ B) = A.\)

Updated On: Oct 23, 2023
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Solution and Explanation

(i) To show: \(A ∪ (A ∩ B) = A \)
We know that 
\(A ⊂ A \)
\(A ∩ B ⊂ A \)
\(∴ A ∪ (A ∩ B) ⊂ A … (1) \)
Also, \(A ⊂ A ∪ (A ∩ B) … (2) \)
∴ From (1) and (2) ,\( A ∪ (A ∩ B) = A \)


(ii) To show: \(A ∩ (A ∪ B) = A\) 
\(A ∩ (A ∪ B) = (A ∩ A) ∪ (A ∩ B) \)
\(= A ∪ (A ∩ B)\)
\(= A\) {from (1)}

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Concepts Used:

Operations on Sets

Some important operations on sets include union, intersection, difference, and the complement of a set, a brief explanation of operations on sets is as follows:

1. Union of Sets:

  • The union of sets lists the elements in set A and set B or the elements in both set A and set B.
  • For example, {3,4} ∪ {1, 4} = {1, 3, 4}
  • It is denoted as “A U B”

2. Intersection of Sets:

  • Intersection of sets lists the common elements in set A and B.
  • For example, {3,4} ∪ {1, 4} = {4}
  • It is denoted as “A ∩ B”

3.Set Difference:

  • Set difference is the list of elements in set A which is not present in set B
  • For example, {3,4} - {1, 4} = {3}
  • It is denoted as “A - B”

4.Set Complement:

  • The set complement is the list of all elements present in the Universal set except the elements present in set A
  • It is denoted as “U-A”