Question:

Urea is produced in

Updated On: Aug 1, 2022
  • kidneys
  • liver
  • nephrons
  • spleen
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The Correct Option is B

Solution and Explanation

Urea (also known as carbamide) is an organic compound of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen, with the formula CON2H4 or (NH2)2CO. The urea is formed in the livers of mammals in a cyclic pathway, from the break down of ammonia (a metabolic waste), which was initially named the Krebs-Henseleit cycle after its discoverers, and later became known simply as the urea cycle (also known as the ornithine cycle). In this cycle, amino groups donated by ammonia and L-aspartate are converted to urea, while L-omithine, citrulline, L-arginino-succinate , and L-arginine act as intermediates. Urea is essentially a waste product; it has no physiological function. It is dissolved in blood (in humans in a concentration of 2.5 - 7.5 mmol/litre) and excreted by the kidney in the urine. In addition, a small amount of urea is excreted (along with sodium chloride and water) in human sweat.
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Concepts Used:

Digestive glands - Secretion

Digestion is a type of catabolism that involves the breakdown of food into tiny molecules so that the body may absorb and use it for energy, development and repair. Food gets digested as it travels through the digestive tract of our body. The process of digestion starts in the mouth itself and ends in the large intestine. There are mainly two types of digestion, namely, Mechanical and Chemical digestion.

  • Mechanical Digestion: Mechanical digestion is the physical breakdown of large portions of food into smaller particles that digestive enzymes can access. The mouth does mastication, whereas the small intestine performs segmentation contractions. Food is broken down into little molecules by enzymes, which the body may use for chemical digestion. It ignites with food inserted in the mouth to chew it with teeth.
  • Chemical Digestion: Chemical digestion is a biological process that breaks down macromolecules in food into smaller molecules that may be absorbed into bodily fluids and delivered to cells all throughout the body. Carbohydrates, proteins etc are required to be chemically digested, thus, conversion of proteins into amino acids, lipids into fatty acids etc are forms of chemical digestion. Chemical digestion cannot be successful without mechanical digestion as it greatly increases the surface area of food particles, allowing digestive enzymes to function more efficiently on them.

Digestive Glands are present inside our digestive tract which secrete digestive juices that help in the process of digestion, i.e, breakdown of complex food particles into simpler ones. 

What is a Secretion?

The production and discharge of material from a cell, gland, or organ is referred to as secretion. The secretory products of humans include hormones, enzymes, and saliva. Endocrine glands produce hormones, while gastric glands in the stomach's lining produce enzymes. Hormones are secreted into the bloodstream in order to reach their target.