Question

The two kinds of ideas which contributed most to mankind were knowledge and technique and............. (Choose the correct option)

• A. moral and values
• B. morals and politics
• C. moral and inventions
• D. moral and wisdom

Hint:

Bertrand Russell emphasized that scientific advancement without moral wisdom can lead to destruction rather than progress.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Context of the question.
This statement is inspired by the writings of Bertrand Russell, a famous British philosopher and essayist, particularly from his work "The Conquest of Happiness".
Step 2: Understanding the concept.
According to Russell, human progress depends upon two major elements: knowledge and technique, which represent scientific advancement, and moral and wisdom, which ensure that this progress benefits humanity ethically.
Step 3: Analyzing the options.
- (a) Moral and values: Incomplete, since wisdom is central to Russell’s idea.
- (b) Morals and politics: Politics does not necessarily guide human welfare.
- (c) Moral and inventions: Inventions are part of technique, not an independent moral category.
- (d) Moral and wisdom: Correct — Russell believed that both moral and intellectual wisdom are essential for true human progress.
Step 4: Conclusion.
Hence, the two elements that contributed most to mankind are knowledge and technique along with moral and wisdom.