Question:

The terminal voltage of the battery, whose emf is\(10V\) and internal resistance\(1Ω\), when connected through an external resistance of \(4Ω\) as shown in the figure is:
 

Updated On: Mar 26, 2025
  • \(4 V\)
  • \(6 V\)
  • \(8 V\)
  • \(10 V\)
Hide Solution
collegedunia
Verified By Collegedunia

The Correct Option is C

Approach Solution - 1

The terminal voltage is given by:

$V_{terminal} = E - Ir$

where $E$ is the emf, $I$ is the current, and $r$ is the internal resistance.

Total resistance, $R_\text{total} = 4 \, \Omega + 1 \, \Omega = 5 \, \Omega$.

Current, $I = \frac{E}{R_\text{total}} = \frac{10}{5} = 2 \, A$.

Terminal voltage, $V_{terminal} = 10 - 2 \times 1 = 8 \, V$.

Was this answer helpful?
5
1
Hide Solution
collegedunia
Verified By Collegedunia

Approach Solution -2

Calculating Terminal Voltage 

Step 1: Use the Formula for Terminal Voltage

The terminal voltage (\(V\)) of a battery is given by:

V = E − I × r

Where \(E = 10V\) is the emf, \(r = 1\Omega\) is the internal resistance, and \(I\) is the current.

Step 2: Calculate the Current

Using Ohm’s law, the total resistance in the circuit is:

Rtotal = Rext + r = 4Ω + 1Ω = 5Ω

The current is:

I = E / Rtotal = 10V / 5Ω = 2A

Step 3: Find the Terminal Voltage

Now, substitute the values to find the terminal voltage:

V = E − I × r = 10V − (2 × 1Ω) = 8V

Was this answer helpful?
1
0