Question

The tapetum

• A. is a nutritive layer which generally degenerates at maturity
• B. helps in dispersal of pollen grains
• C. helps in the dehiscence of anther
• D. None of the above

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Tapetum is the innermost layer of anther wall and is characterized by either polyploid or multinucleate cells. It is a nutritive layer which degenerates at maturity.

Answer 2

Ans. The anther's innermost cell layer, known as the tapetum, surrounds growing microspores and/or pollen mother cells (PMCs) and provides them with the nutrients and enzymes they need to develop into mature pollen. 

• In plants, sexual reproduction occurs between two distinct sexes. 
• The reproductive cells of a flowering plant are called gametes. 
• Due to the presence of both male and female gametes, the flower may reproduce sexually. 
• In the anther and pollen sac where pollen grains are produced, the male gamete pollen grains grow. 
• Each pollen sac is surrounded by four layers: the tapetum, endothecium, middle layer, and epidermis.
• The outermost layer is the epidermis, while the tapetum is the deepest layer. 
• A consistent layer of tapetum surrounds the sporogenous tissue. 
• The intermediate layer's nourishment is transferred to sporogenous tissues through the tapetum. 
• These sporogenous tissues receive their nutrients from the tapetum and produce pollen grains.
• Various enzymes, hormones, amino acids, and nutritional components are given to microsporocytes via the tapetum during the formation of pollen grains. 
• In the initial stages of microsporogenesis, the tapetal cells of the tapetum store the food. 
• It feeds the spore mother cells by transferring nutrients from the middle layer. 
• In order to thicken the exine, it generates ubisch bodies covered in sporopollenin. 
• A pollen-kitt of ripe pollen grains is produced by the oily substance that it secretes. 
• It increases the exine's protein content in order to improve stigma compatibility.
• The secretion of the callose enzyme, which separates the callose chemicals utilized to create four pollen types, is a notable operation that tapetum engages in.