Question:

The synthesis of complex molecules from simple molecules was proved by

Updated On: Aug 15, 2022
  • Arrhenius
  • Pasteur
  • Stanley Miller
  • Redi
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The Correct Option is C

Solution and Explanation

Stanley Miller proved that complex molecules synthesized from simple molecules. He created an atmospheie containing H2,NH3,CH4H_{2},NH_{3},CH_{4} and water vapours in one large flask and allowed condensed liquids to accumulate in another small flask. Energy for apparatus was supported by heating the liquid as well as electric sparks from tungeston electrodes in the gaseous flask. Miller obtained a turbid liquid, which was rich by simple organic compounds such as urea, hydrogen cyanide, organic acids, sugars, purines, pyrimidines and amino acids. Arrhenius (1908) proposed panspermia theory, ie, organisms exist throughout the universe and their spores could travel from \ one planet to another. Louis Pasteur disproved the theory of spontaneous generation by performing a well designed experiment (swan-necked flask experiment). Francisco Redi was first to put forward experimental refutation of the concept of spontaneous generation.
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Concepts Used:

Biomolecules

Biomolecules are the most essential organic molecules, which are involved in the maintenance and metabolic processes of living organisms. These non-living molecules are the actual foot-soldiers of the battle of sustenance of life.

There are four major classes of Biomolecules –  Carbohydrates, Proteins, Nucleic acids and Lipids.

  1. Carbohydrates are chemically defined as polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones or compounds which produce them on hydrolysis.
  2. Proteins are another class of indispensable biomolecules, which make up around 50per cent of the cellular dry weight. Proteins are polymers of amino acids arranged in the form of polypeptide chains. The structure of proteins is classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary in some cases.
  3. Nucleic acids refer to the genetic material found in the cell that carries all the hereditary information from parents to progeny. There are two types of nucleic acids namely, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). The main function of nucleic acid is the transfer of genetic information and synthesis of proteins by processes known as translation and transcription.
  4. Lipids are organic substances that are insoluble in water, soluble in organic solvents, are related to fatty acids and are utilized by the living cell.