Question

What is the order of magnitude of magnetic field of earth?

Answer 1

Step 1: Understanding the concept.
The magnetic field strength at the surface of the earth is of the order of \( 10^{-5} \, \text{T} \) as given in the passage. This is the typical magnitude of the Earth's magnetic field. Step 2: Conclusion.
The order of magnitude of the magnetic field of the earth is \( 10^{-5} \, \text{T} \).

Answer 2

Step 1: Understanding the dynamo effect.
The passage clearly mentions that the current understanding of the cause of the Earth's magnetic field is due to the **dynamo effect**. This effect arises from the motion of molten metallic fluids, primarily composed of molten iron and nickel, in the outer core of the earth. These materials are in motion due to convection currents, and this movement generates electrical currents. According to Ampère’s Law, these electrical currents produce a magnetic field.
Step 2: Conclusion.
Thus, the cause of the Earth's magnetic field is the electrical currents produced by the convection of molten iron and nickel in the outer core of the Earth. This process is known as the **dynamo effect**.

Answer 3

Step 1: Extracting information from the passage.
The passage mentions that the axis of the magnetic dipole located at the center of the earth is **tilted by 11.3°** with respect to the axis of rotation of the earth. This means that the magnetic dipole does not align with the Earth's axis of rotation but is tilted at this angle.
Step 2: Conclusion.
The angle between the magnetic dipole and the axis of rotation of the Earth is **11.3°**.

Answer 4

Step 1: Understanding the magnetic poles.
The passage states that the magnetic poles of the earth are located at points where the magnetic field lines, due to the Earth's magnetic dipole, enter or leave the earth.
Step 2: Location of magnetic poles.
The passage provides the following details: - The **north magnetic pole** is located at a latitude of \( 79.74^\circ \, \text{N} \) and longitude \( 71.8^\circ \, \text{W} \), which is somewhere in northern Canada. - The **south magnetic pole** is located at \( 79.74^\circ \, \text{S}, 108.22^\circ \, \text{E} \), in Antarctica.
Step 3: Conclusion.
The magnetic poles are located at: - North magnetic pole: \( 79.74^\circ \, \text{N}, 71.8^\circ \, \text{W} \) (Canada). - South magnetic pole: \( 79.74^\circ \, \text{S}, 108.22^\circ \, \text{E} \) (Antarctica).

Answer 5

Step 1: Extracting the location.
The passage specifically mentions that the magnetic south pole is located at a latitude of \( 79.74^\circ \, \text{S} \) and a longitude of \( 108.22^\circ \, \text{E} \), which places it in Antarctica.
Step 2: Conclusion.
The location of the magnetic south pole is at \( 79.74^\circ \, \text{S}, 108.22^\circ \, \text{E} \), in Antarctica.