Question

The school of Psychology which aimed to study the adaptive functions of the mind is called:

• A. Functionalism
• B. Structuralism
• C. Gestaltism
• D. Behaviorism

Hint:

Functionalism is interested in the “why” of mental processes, while structuralism is interested in the “what.”

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Functionalism, founded by William James, focuses on the purpose and adaptive functions of mental processes. For example:

• Example: How memory aids in survival or how attention helps in navigating the environment.
• Contrast with structuralism: Functionalism emphasizes purpose, while structuralism analyzes the structure of mental experiences without considering their function.
• Significance: Highlights the role of mental processes in adaptation and survival.