Ruby is a gemstone composed of corundum (Al₂O₃), where small amounts of chromium (Cr) are incorporated into the crystal lattice, giving the gemstone its characteristic red color.
- The percentage of chromium in ruby is typically between 0.5\% and 1\% by weight. The chromium atoms are responsible for the red color due to the absorption of certain wavelengths of light.
Thus, the correct answer is (A) 0.5 to 1 \%.