Alcohols undergo a number of reactions involving the cleavage of C – OH bond. However, phenols do not undergo reactions involving the cleavage of C – OH bond. Alcohols are weaker acids than water. Alcohols react with halogen acids to form the corresponding haloaklanes. Phenols are stronger acids than alcohols. A charac- teristic feature of phenols is that they undergo electrophilic substitution reactions such as halogenation, nitration, etc. Since –OH group is a strong activating group, phenol gives trisubstituted products during halogenation, nitration, etc.
Observe the following data given in the table. (\(K_H\) = Henry's law constant)
Gas | CO₂ | Ar | HCHO | CH₄ |
---|---|---|---|---|
\(K_H\) (k bar at 298 K) | 1.67 | 40.3 | \(1.83 \times 10^{-5}\) | 0.413 |
The correct order of their solubility in water is
For a first order decomposition of a certain reaction, rate constant is given by the equation
\(\log k(s⁻¹) = 7.14 - \frac{1 \times 10^4 K}{T}\). The activation energy of the reaction (in kJ mol⁻¹) is (\(R = 8.3 J K⁻¹ mol⁻¹\))
Note: The provided value for R is 8.3. We will use the more precise value R=8.314 J K⁻¹ mol⁻¹ for accuracy, as is standard.
Alcohol is a derivative of water (H2O) that has one, two, or more hydroxyl groups that are attached to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon chain (an alkyl group). It is one of the most common organic compounds used in sweeteners, fragrances, and medicine.
Read More: Types of Alcohol