The number of autosomes in a normal human cell is
- 44
- 45
- 46
- 48
The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
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Concepts Used:
Chromosome Number
The number of sets of chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell (genome) of an entity is called ploidy. It is symbolized as “n”.
In humans, the chromosomes can be classified into the following two types:
- Allosomes (gametes or sex chromosomes)
- Autosomes (body chromosomes)
Some of the genetic characteristics are related to the sex of an individual and are inherited through the sex chromosomes. The autosomes encompass the remaining genetic hereditary instruction. All of these tend to behave in the same manner as it was at the time of cell division.
The monoploid number(x) in humans is equal to the haploid number (n); this is to say that x = n = 23. The diploid (2n) cells hold two homologous copies of each of the chromosomes, one each from each of the biological parents. The exact number of chromosomes can be one or two and may vary from the 2n number; still, the cells can be classified as diploid. The majority of mammals are diploid entities, even though all the individuals hold some part of cells that show polyploidy. The human diploid cells possess 46 chromosomes, and the human haploid gametes (Sperm and egg) include 23 chromosomes.
Human cells have 23 pairs of chromosomes – 22 pairs of autosomes (diploid) and one pair of allosomes or sex chromosomes (haploid). This constitutes a total of 46 per cell. Males have one X and one Y chromosome, while females hold two copies of X chromosomes.