Question

The most common neoplasm in patients with AIDS is:

• A. \( \text{Carcinoma of breast} \)
• B. \( \text{Acute myeloid leukaemia} \)
• C. \( \text{Adenocarcinoma} \)
• D. \( \text{Kaposi sarcoma} \)

Hint:

Kaposi sarcoma is a hallmark AIDS-defining illness. Early antiretroviral therapy (ART) significantly reduces the risk of developing Kaposi sarcoma and other AIDS-associated malignancies.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Understanding neoplasms in AIDS patients. Patients with AIDS are highly immunocompromised due to the depletion of CD4+ T cells. This increases their susceptibility to certain cancers, especially those caused by viral infections. 
Step 2: Explanation of Kaposi sarcoma. Kaposi sarcoma is a vascular tumor caused by human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8). It is the most common neoplasm in AIDS patients and presents as red or purple skin lesions, often involving mucous membranes, lymph nodes, and visceral organs. 
Step 3: Comparison with other options. 
- Option \( (A) \): Carcinoma of the breast is not associated with AIDS. 
- Option \( (B) \): Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is unrelated to AIDS. 
- Option \( (C) \): Adenocarcinomas are less common in AIDS patients compared to Kaposi sarcoma. 

Conclusion: Kaposi sarcoma is the most common neoplasm in AIDS patients, making \( (D) \) the correct answer.