The length of a needle floating on water is 2.5 cm. Calculate the added force (due to surface tension) required to pull the needle out of water. (Surface tension of water $ =7.2\times {{10}^{-2}}N/{{m}^{2}} $ )
- $ 3.6\times {{10}^{-3}}N $
- $ 3.4\times {{10}^{-10}}N $
- $ 3.0\times {{10}^{-5}}N $
- $ 3.8\times {{10}^{-11}}N $
The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
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Concepts Used:
Surface Tension
The amount of energy required to increase the liquid's surface area by one unit area is known as surface tension. In other words, it is a property of the liquid surface to resist force.
Surface tension is defined as,
The ratio of the surface force F to the length L along which the force acts.
Mathematically, the surface tension formula can be expressed as follows:
T=F/L
Where,
- F is the force per unit length
- L is the length in which force act
- T is the surface tension of the liquid
Read More: Detergents and Surface Tension
Factors affecting surface tension:
- Impurities: The surface tension decreases with the addition of impurities.
- Surfactants: Adding surfactants in liquids lowers the tension of water making it interrupt aside or get susceptible.
- Temperature: The surface tension of a liquid reduces as the temperature rises.
The Unit of Surface Tension:
The SI unit of Surface Tension is Newton per Meter or N/m.