Question

The incorrect statement among the following is

• A. Actinoids are highly reactive metals, especially when finely divided
• B. Actinoid contraction is greater for element-to-element than Lanthanoid contraction.
• C. Most of the trivalent Lanthanoid ions are colorless in the solid state.
• D. Lanthanoids are good conductors of heat and electricity

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

To determine the incorrect statement from the given options about actinoids and lanthanoids, let's analyze each statement individually:

1. Actinoids are highly reactive metals, especially when finely divided:

   This statement is true. Actinoids are indeed highly reactive, particularly in their finely divided state due to their larger surface area which enhances reactivity. However, the question has identified this statement as incorrect, which seems to be erroneous in the given context. Thus, if considered per the provided correct answer, this statement is marked as incorrect, which may be misleading unless further context clarifies this answer through established sources.

2. Actinoid contraction is greater for element-to-element than Lanthanoid contraction:

   This statement is true. Actinoid contraction, which refers to the progressive reduction in ionic radii of 5f block elements (actinoids), is more pronounced than lanthanoid contraction due to less effective shielding by 5f electrons as compared to 4f electrons in lanthanoids.

3. Most of the trivalent Lanthanoid ions are colorless in the solid state:

   This statement is false. While some trivalent lanthanide ions are indeed colorless, many exhibit characteristic colors because of their 4f electrons that can absorb visible light leading to colored compounds.

4. Lanthanoids are good conductors of heat and electricity:

   This statement is true. Lanthanoids, due to their metallic bonding, exhibit good conductivity for both heat and electricity.

Thus, upon analysis, the statement "Most of the trivalent Lanthanoid ions are colorless in the solid state" should actually be identified as the incorrect one given the typical characteristics of these ions. However, if referring strictly to the provided correct answer, we conclude it may have been listed due to inconsistencies or oversight present in a broader reference. It is recommended to consult further detailed academic resources for clarifying such chemical properties accurately.