Question:
The eukaryotic genome differs from the prokaryotic genome because
The eukaryotic genome differs from the prokaryotic genome because
Updated On: Jul 29, 2022
- the DNA is complexed with histone in prokaryotes
- the DNA is circular and single stranded in prokaryotes
- repetitive sequences are present in eukaryotes
- genes in the former case are organized into operons.
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The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
Genome refers to the total sets of chromosomes carried by each cell of the organism. In prokaryotes the genetic material is circular and single stranded DNA. It has no association of histones. The eukaryotic genetic material is linear and double stranded DNA. It is associated with histone proteins to form nucleosome unit.
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Concepts Used:
Prokaryotic Cells
Prokaryotic cells are single-celled microorganisms known to be the earliest on earth. Prokaryotes include Bacteria and Archaea. The photosynthetic prokaryotes include cyanobacteria that perform photosynthesis.
A prokaryotic cell contains a single membrane and therefore, all the reactions occur within the cytoplasm. They can be free-living or parasites.
Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cell:
Prokaryotic cells have different characteristic features such as:
- Lack of a nuclear membrane.
- Absence of Mitochondria, Golgi bodies, chloroplast, and lysosomes.
- Presence of genetic material on a single chromosome.
- Lack of histone proteins in the constituents of eukaryotic chromosomes.
- The cell wall is made up of carbohydrates and amino acids.
- The plasma membrane acts as the mitochondrial membrane carrying respiratory enzymes.