Question

The electric field on the outer surface of a charged conductor is

• A. parallel to the surface
• B. perpendicular to the surface
• C. at 45° angle to the surface
• D. zero

Hint:

For a charged conductor, the electric field at the surface is always perpendicular to the surface, as per Gauss's law.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Electric field of a conductor.
For a charged conductor, the electric field just outside the surface is perpendicular to the surface. This is a result of Gauss's law, which states that the electric field at the surface of a conductor must be normal (perpendicular) to the surface in electrostatic equilibrium.
Step 2: Elimination.
- (A) parallel to the surface: Incorrect, as the field is not parallel to the surface.
- (B) perpendicular to the surface: Correct, the electric field is always perpendicular to the surface of a conductor.
- (C) at 45° angle to the surface: Incorrect, not the case for conductors.
- (D) zero: Incorrect, there is always an electric field on the surface of a charged conductor.
Step 3: Conclusion.
Thus, the electric field on the outer surface of a charged conductor is perpendicular to the surface.