Question:

The $\alpha$-D-glucose and $\beta$-D-glucose differ from each other due to difference in carbon atom with respect to its

Updated On: May 5, 2024

conformation
configuration
number of OH-groups
size of hemiacetal ring

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The Correct Option is C

Approach Solution - 1

The $\alpha$-D-glucose and $\beta$-D-glucose are isomers called anomers. The isomer having the hydroxyl group (-OH) on the right is called $\alpha$-D-glucose and one having the hydroxyl group (-OH) on the left is called $\beta$-D-glucose. Such pairs of optical isomers which differ in the configuration only around $C_1$ atom are called anomers

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The two forms of glucose differ by the position of the OH group.

In case of alpha glucose, the hydroxyl group that is attached to the C-1 is below ( or on the opposite side) when compared with the CH2OH group that is present on the fifth carbon C-5.

On the other hand, in case of beta-D glucose, the OH group is on the same side or above the ring, when compared to the CH2OH group that is present on the fifth carbon C-5.

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Concepts Used:

Biomolecules

Biomolecules are the most essential organic molecules, which are involved in the maintenance and metabolic processes of living organisms. These non-living molecules are the actual foot-soldiers of the battle of sustenance of life.

There are four major classes of Biomolecules – Carbohydrates, Proteins, Nucleic acids and Lipids.

Carbohydrates are chemically defined as polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones or compounds which produce them on hydrolysis.
Proteins are another class of indispensable biomolecules, which make up around 50per cent of the cellular dry weight. Proteins are polymers of amino acids arranged in the form of polypeptide chains. The structure of proteins is classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary in some cases.
Nucleic acids refer to the genetic material found in the cell that carries all the hereditary information from parents to progeny. There are two types of nucleic acids namely, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). The main function of nucleic acid is the transfer of genetic information and synthesis of proteins by processes known as translation and transcription.
Lipids are organic substances that are insoluble in water, soluble in organic solvents, are related to fatty acids and are utilized by the living cell.