Question:

Term ecosystem was given by

Updated On: Jun 30, 2023

Odum
Koestler
Tansley
Mobius & Forbes

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Term ecosystem is coined by Tansley. It is a community of organisms, interacting with one another and with the environment in which they live. eg. a lake, forest, tundra etc.

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The functional unit of nature in which living things interact with one another and the physical environment they inhabit is called an ecosystem. Instead of having a set size and shape, an ecosystem can take many different forms. It can range in size from a pond's size to a forest's or a sea's.
All of the smaller ecosystems found on Earth are together referred to as the "big ecosystem" that makes up the whole planet. Sir Arthur G. Tansley coined the phrase "ecosystem" in 1935.

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Energy Flow through Ecosystems

The energy flow in the ecosystem is one of the major factors that support the survival of such a large number of organisms. For almost all lifeforms on earth, solar energy is the primary source of energy. It is entertaining to find that we receive less than 50 % of the sun’s effective radiation on the earth. When we say effective radiation, we mean the radiation, which can be utilized by plants to carry out photosynthesis.

The energy flow takes place throughout the food chain and food web. During the process of energy flow in the ecosystem, plants being the producers absorb sunlight with the help of the chloroplasts and a part of it is converted into chemical energy in the process of photosynthesis. This energy is stored in different organic products in the plants and passed on to the primary consumers in the food chain when the herbivores consume the plants as food. Then followed by the secondary consumers. Finally, when tertiary consumers consume the carnivores, energy will again be degraded. Thus, the energy flow is unidirectional in nature.