Question:

Study the following statements regarding the anatomy of isobilateral leaf. (i) Stomata are equally distributed on both the surfaces. (ii) Certain adaxial epidermal cells are modified into bulliform cells in grasses. (iii) The vascular bundles are radial. (iv) Phloem is adaxially placed. Which of the above statements are correct?

Updated On: Jul 7, 2022
  • (i) and (ii)
  • (ii) and (iii)
  • (ii) and (iv)
  • All are correct
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The Correct Option is A

Solution and Explanation

In an isobilateral (equifacial) leaf, vascular bundles are conjoint and collateral, Xylem lies towards the adaxial (upper) side and phloem lies towards abaxial (lower) side of leaf,
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Concepts Used:

The Tissue System

Epidermal Tissue System:

The epidermal tissue system forms the outer-most covering of the whole plant body and comprises epidermal cells, stomata, and the epidermal appendages – the trichomes and hairs. The epidermis is the outermost layer of the primary plant body. It is made up of elongated, compactly arranged cells, which form a continuous layer. The epidermis is usually single-layered.

Ground Tissue System:

All tissues except the epidermis and vascular bundles constitute the ground tissue. It consists of simple tissues such as parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma. Parenchymatous cells are usually present in the cortex, pericycle, pith, and medullary rays, in the primary stems and roots. In leaves, the ground tissue consists of thin-walled chloroplast-containing cells and is called mesophyll.

Vascular Tissue System:

The vascular system consists of complex tissues, the phloem, and the xylem. The xylem and phloem together constitute vascular bundles. In dicotyledonous stems, cambium is present between phloem and xylem. Such vascular bundles because of the presence of cambium possess the ability to form secondary xylem and phloem tissues and hence are called open vascular bundles. In the monocotyledons, the vascular bundles have no cambium present in them. Hence, since they do not form secondary tissues they are referred to as closed.

Read More: Plant Tissue