Question

Statement:
1. All chalk is not cheese
2. The moon is made of cheese
Conclusion:
I. The moon is made of chalk
II. The moon is not made of chalk

• A. if only conclusion I follows
• B. if only conclusion II follows
• C. if either I or II follows
• D. if neither I nor II follows
• E. if both follow

Hint:

In logical reasoning, ensure that conclusions directly follow from the given statements without assumptions beyond what is provided.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Analyze the statements and conclusions.
We are given two statements:
- (1) All chalk is not cheese.
- (2) The moon is made of cheese.
From statement (1), we are told that chalk is not cheese, which means chalk and cheese are different. Statement (2) tells us that the moon is made of cheese, but it does not imply that the moon is made of chalk. Thus, we cannot conclude that the moon is made of chalk based on the given statements.
Step 2: Analyze the conclusions.
- Conclusion I: The moon is made of chalk. This conclusion does not logically follow, as the moon being made of cheese does not mean it is made of chalk. Therefore, conclusion I is incorrect.
- Conclusion II: The moon is not made of chalk. This conclusion follows logically. Since the moon is made of cheese (as per statement 2) and chalk is not cheese (as per statement 1), the moon cannot be made of chalk. Therefore, conclusion II is valid.
Step 3: Conclusion.
The correct answer is (B) if only conclusion II follows, as conclusion II is valid and conclusion I is not.