Some bacteria able to grow in Streptomycin containing medium due to
- Natural selection
- Induced mutation
- Reproductive isolation
- Genetic drift
The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
The correct option is (A) : Natural selection
Because bacteria can evolve resistance to streptomycin through a process known as natural selection, bacteria can proliferate in a solution containing streptomycin. Random mutations take place in the bacterium throughout this process, which leads to the development of antibiotic resistance. This allows it to keep growing in the medium. When under stress, such as when there is a nutritional shortage, induced mutation takes place. A population is split in half and reproductively separated from the other half through the process of reproductive isolation. Genetic diversity in a population is the product of genetic drift, which fixes harmful mutations. So, "natural selection" is the right response.
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Concepts Used:
Evolution and Natural Selection
Charles Darwin - was a British naturalist who proposed the theory of biological evolution by natural selection. Darwin derived evolution as "descent with modification," the idea that species change gradually, give rise to new species and share a common ancestor. Darwin had proposed natural selection - the mechanism for evolution. Because resources are short in nature, organisms with heritable traits that favor survival and reproduction will lean to leave more offspring than their peers, causing the traits to rise in frequency over generations. The consequence of natural selection on populations is to become adapted, or increasingly well-suited, to their environments steadily. Natural selection entirely depends on the environment and needs existing heritable variation in a group.
Read More: Types of Natural Selection