Question:

Sickle cell anaemia is due to

Updated On: Apr 4, 2024
  • Change of Amino Acid in α-chain of Haemoglobin
  • Change of Amino Acid in β-chain of Haemoglobin
  • Change of Amino acid in both α and β chain of Haemoglobin
  • Change of Amino acid either α or β chain of Haemoglobin
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The Correct Option is B

Solution and Explanation

In sickle cell anemia, there is a mutation in the beta (β)-globin chain of hemoglobin, which results in the substitution of one amino acid (glutamic acid) with another (valine), leading to the formation of abnormal hemoglobin known as hemoglobin S (HbS). This alteration in the β-globin chain leads to the characteristic sickle-shaped red blood cells and the associated health problems seen in individuals with this condition. So, the correct option is (B): Change of Amino Acid in β-chain of Haemoglobin
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Concepts Used:

Types of Cells

Cells are the basic building blocks of all living organisms. They can be classified into two main types: prokaryotic and eukaryotic.

  1. Prokaryotic cells: These are simple, single-celled organisms that lack a true nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. They have a simple cell wall and are usually smaller in size than eukaryotic cells. Examples of prokaryotic cells include bacteria and archaea.
  2. Eukaryotic cells: These are complex, multicellular organisms that have a true nucleus and various membrane-bound organelles. They are typically larger in size than prokaryotic cells and can be found in plants, animals, fungi, and protists. Eukaryotic cells can be further classified into different types based on their structure and function, including:
  • Animal cells: These are eukaryotic cells found in animals and humans. They lack a cell wall and have a flexible cell membrane that allows them to change shape. Animal cells contain various organelles, including mitochondria, ribosomes, and a nucleus.
  • Plant cells: These are eukaryotic cells found in plants. They have a rigid cell wall made of cellulose and contain chloroplasts for photosynthesis. Plant cells also contain various organelles, including mitochondria, ribosomes, and a nucleus.
  • Fungal cells: These are eukaryotic cells found in fungi. They have a cell wall made of chitin and contain various organelles, including mitochondria, ribosomes, and a nucleus.
  • Protist cells: These are eukaryotic cells found in protists, which are a diverse group of unicellular and multicellular organisms. Protist cells can vary in size and shape and can contain various organelles, depending on their specific function.

Understanding the different types of cells is important for understanding their structure, function, and role in various biological processes.