(a) Brewster's law states that when ordinary light is incident on a transparent surface at polarizing angle $ ({{i}_{p}}) $ for that surface, the tangent of angle of polarisation is equal to the refractive index $ (\mu ) $ of the medium of surface, that is,
$ \mu =\tan {{i}_{p}} $
(b) Lambert's law concerns to rate of absorption of radiation as it travels deeper into a medium. It states that the intensity $ I $ of radiation falls off exponentially with distance d in the medium.
$ I={{I}_{0}}{{\exp }^{-\alpha d}} $
(a) Brewster's law states that when ordinary light is incident on a transparent surface at polarising angle $\left(i_{p}\right)$ for that surface, the tangent of angle of polarisation is equal to the refractive index $(\mu)$ of the medium of surface, that is,
(b) Lambert's law concerns to rate of absorption of radiation as it travels deeper into a medium. It states that the intensity $I$ of radiation fails off exponentially with distance $d$ in the medium.
$I=I_{0} \exp ^{-a d}$
(c) Law of Malus states that intensity of light coming out of analyser is proportional to the square of the cosine of the angle between the plane of analyser and polariser.
$ I=I_{0}\cos ^{2}\theta $
(d) According to Bragg's law if a beam of $X$-rays of wavelength $ \lambda $ is directed at a crystal with parallel crystal planes that are distance d apart, then the reflected $X$-rays from each plane undergo interference.
Was this answer helpful?
0
0
Top Questions on Ray optics and optical instruments
Optics, deals with the determination of behaviour and the properties of light, along with its interactions with the matter and also with the instruments that are used to detect it.
Ray optics is also known as the geometrical optics and it is a branch of science which describes light propagation.
Reflection is the change in direction of light at an interface in-between two different media so that the wave-front returns into a medium from which it was originated.
Speed of light is the rate at which the light travels in free space.
A phenomenal change in image formed when the light is passed from one medium to another which is called Refraction.
Total Internal Reflection is the reflection of light when the light ray enters into a rarer medium from a denser medium and the angle of incidence is higher than the critical angle of incidence then that light ray will be reflected back to the denser medium.
