Question

Read the passage carefully and answer the following question.
One theory of accidents is what experts call the Swiss Cheese model. A slab of Swiss cheese hasseveral holes, randomly and unevenly distributed over its surface. If several slabs are stackedtogether, it would be impossible for something to slip through unless all the holes happen to lineup.
If even one slab doesn’t align, the impending catastrophe will meet a layer of resistance, and theworst is averted. Aviation professionals will tell you that plane crashes never happen for a singlereason. There may be an identifiable primary factor, but it’s usually a chain of events, an array of circumstances neatly piling up.
Which of the following statements can be BEST concluded from the passage?

• A. Averting catastrophe is actually easier than it seems.
• B. A catastrophe can be averted if the preceding array of events meets resistance.
• C. Any disaster is a culmination of many events happening in a particular order.
• D. Accidents cannot be averted since a chain of events have to be averted to avert accidents.
• E. Any historically relevant event is an accident because it involves a chain of preceding events.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

The passage explains the Swiss Cheese model of accidents. Each slab of cheese represents a barrier or safety measure, while the holes represent weaknesses or errors. A catastrophe (like a plane crash) occurs only when the holes in all slabs line up perfectly, meaning all barriers fail simultaneously. 
Thus:

• Accidents are rarely due to one single cause, but rather a chain of multiple events aligning in an unfortunate way.
• If even one barrier (slab) does its job — i.e., does not align — the catastrophe is prevented.
• Hence, the key conclusion is that resistance at any stage in the chain of events can avert the disaster.

Therefore, the best conclusion is Option (2). 

\[ \boxed{\text{A catastrophe can be averted if the preceding array of events meets resistance.}} \]