Comprehension
Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow
TV broadcasters and streaming platforms are concerned about the potential impact on their creative freedom from the ministry of information and’ broadcasting’s (MIB) proposed legislation that would require them to get content certified by an evaluation committee before broadcasting it.
As part of its three-tier regulatory mechanism to regulate broadcasting content. the ministry has proposed that each broadcaster and broadcasting network operator should set up content evaluation committees (CECs) and only those programmes certified by CEC’s should be broadcast.
The committee’s members would include eminent individuals representing different social groups, including women. child welfare. scheduled castes. scheduled tribes, and minorities. The central government may specify the number of members in the panel. the quorum required. and other details to assist the establishment and smooth operation of CEC. The proposal would not only impact creative freedom of the broadcasters and OTT platforms but also push up costs and may even prove unfeasible considering the amount of content created, industry experts said.
TMT Law Practice managing partner Abhishek Malhotra said the creative judgment of broadcasters and OTT platforms will be subjected to another review, which may not be acceptable to content creators.
” There will also be an issue of sharing content before it’s proposed for public release-fear of disclosure,” he said. An MIB official. on condition of anonymity, said the ministry wants to strengthen self-regulation through this move. adding that the broadcasters will have freedom in running the CECs.
Industry experts called it a misnomer. While the CEC will be set up by the broadcasting companies, it will be as per the prescription of the central government, noted Siddharth Chopra. M&E practice lead advocate at Saikrishna & Associates. ”This. to my mind. makes self-regulation a non-starter.” he said. terming CECs as mini-certification boards. The obligation of setting up CECs will apply to TV channels such as Star Plus, Colors. Zee TV, and Sony Entertainment Television (SET). streaming platforms such as Netflix. Amazon Prime Video, Disney + Hotstar. and JioCinema, and platform services provided by operators such as Tata Play. Dish TV. and Hathway Digital.
TV broadcasters and streaming platforms are concerned about the potential impact on their creative freedom from the ministry of information and’ broadcasting’s (MIB) proposed legislation that would require them to get content certified by an evaluation committee before broadcasting it.
As part of its three-tier regulatory mechanism to regulate broadcasting content. the ministry has proposed that each broadcaster and broadcasting network operator should set up content evaluation committees (CECs) and only those programmes certified by CEC’s should be broadcast.
The committee’s members would include eminent individuals representing different social groups, including women. child welfare. scheduled castes. scheduled tribes, and minorities. The central government may specify the number of members in the panel. the quorum required. and other details to assist the establishment and smooth operation of CEC. The proposal would not only impact creative freedom of the broadcasters and OTT platforms but also push up costs and may even prove unfeasible considering the amount of content created, industry experts said.
TMT Law Practice managing partner Abhishek Malhotra said the creative judgment of broadcasters and OTT platforms will be subjected to another review, which may not be acceptable to content creators.
” There will also be an issue of sharing content before it’s proposed for public release-fear of disclosure,” he said. An MIB official. on condition of anonymity, said the ministry wants to strengthen self-regulation through this move. adding that the broadcasters will have freedom in running the CECs.
Industry experts called it a misnomer. While the CEC will be set up by the broadcasting companies, it will be as per the prescription of the central government, noted Siddharth Chopra. M&E practice lead advocate at Saikrishna & Associates. ”This. to my mind. makes self-regulation a non-starter.” he said. terming CECs as mini-certification boards. The obligation of setting up CECs will apply to TV channels such as Star Plus, Colors. Zee TV, and Sony Entertainment Television (SET). streaming platforms such as Netflix. Amazon Prime Video, Disney + Hotstar. and JioCinema, and platform services provided by operators such as Tata Play. Dish TV. and Hathway Digital.
Question: 1
To regulate broadcasting content, the ministry has proposed that -
To regulate broadcasting content, the ministry has proposed that -
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Regulating broadcasting content often involves ensuring that both broadcasters and operators adhere to set guidelines for content approval.
Updated On: Feb 15, 2025
- each broadcaster should set up content evaluation committees.
- only certified programmes should be broadcast.
- broadcasting operator should set up content evaluation committee.
- each broadcaster and broadcasting network operator should set up content evaluation committees and only those programmes certified by CECs should be broadcast.
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The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
The passage clearly mentions that the ministry proposed that both broadcasters and broadcasting network operators should set up content evaluation committees (CECs), and only those programmes certified by CECs should be broadcast. This aligns with option (D) as the correct answer.
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Question: 2
The meaning of the word 'EMINENT' given in this passage is:
The meaning of the word 'EMINENT' given in this passage is:
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"Eminent" often describes someone of high rank or status, especially in a professional context, signifying respect and recognition.
Updated On: Feb 15, 2025
- Famous and respected
- Honest
- Gentle
- Hardworking
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The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
In the passage, the word "eminent" refers to someone who is well-known and highly respected in their field. Therefore, the correct meaning of "eminent" is "famous and respected," which corresponds to option (A).
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Question: 3
Who are the people or institutions who can specify the number of members in the panel and other details to assist the establishment and smooth operation of CEC?
Who are the people or institutions who can specify the number of members in the panel and other details to assist the establishment and smooth operation of CEC?
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When dealing with regulatory bodies, it is often the central or governing authority, such as the Central Government, that sets up the operational framework.
Updated On: Feb 15, 2025
- The broadcasters
- The committee's members
- The Central Government
- Ministry of Information and Broadcasting
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The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
The passage mentions that the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting plays a key role in the establishment and smooth operation of the CEC, but it does not directly specify the number of members. The Central Government is responsible for making such decisions as per the passage. Therefore, option (C) is the correct answer.
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Question: 4
Choose the correct sentence:
Choose the correct sentence:
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When analyzing proposals, it's important to consider all potential consequences, such as cost increases and challenges to feasibility.
Updated On: Feb 15, 2025
- The proposal would impact creative freedom of the broadcasters and push up costs.
- The proposal would impact OTT platforms and may prove unfeasible considering the amount of content created.
- The proposal would not impact OTT platform.
- The proposal would not only impact creative freedom of the broadcaster and OTT platforms but also push up costs and may even prove unfeasible considering the amount of content created.
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The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
The correct sentence, (D), summarizes the overall impact of the proposal, which includes both the effect on creative freedom and costs, as well as the unfeasibility due to the large volume of content. This is the most comprehensive and accurate choice according to the passage.
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Question: 5
Find out the synonym of 'commitment' from the passage:
Find out the synonym of 'commitment' from the passage:
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"Commitment" often implies a dedication to a particular cause or responsibility, which is synonymous with "obligation."
Updated On: Feb 15, 2025
- Anonymity
- Acceptable
- Obligation
- Eminent
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The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
In the context of the passage, "commitment" refers to a responsibility or duty, which aligns with the meaning of "obligation." Therefore, option (C) "Obligation" is the correct synonym.
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Top Questions on Reading Comprehension
- Read the given passage and answer the question that follows:
Biological classification of plants and animals was first proposed by Aristotle on the basis of simple morphological characters. Linnaeus later classified all living organisms into two kingdoms- Plantae and Animalia. Whittaker proposed an claborate five kingdom classification- Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia. The main criteria of the five kingdom classification were cell structure, body organisation, mode of nutrition and reproduction. and phylogenetic relationships.
In the five kingdom classification. bacteria are included in Kingdom Monera. Bacteria are cosmopolitan in distribution. These organisms show the most extensive metabolic diversity. Bacteria may be autotrophic or heterotrophic in their mode of nutrition. Kingdom Protista includes all single-celled eukaryotes such as Chrysophytes. Dinoflagellates. Euglenoids. Slime-moulds and Protozoans. Protists have defined nucleus and other membrane bound organelles. They reproduce both asexually and sexually. Members of Kingdom Fungi show a great diversity in structures and habitat. Most Fungi are saprophytic in their mode of nutrition. They show asexual and sexual reproduction. Phycomycetes. Ascomycetes. Basidiomycetes and Deuteromycetes are the four classes under this kingdom. The plantae includes all eukaryotic chlorophyll-containing organisms. Algae. bryophytes. pteridophytes. gymnosperms and angiosperms are included in this group. The life cycle of plants exhibit alternation of generations- gametophytic and sporophytic generations. The heterotrophic eukaryotic, multicellular organisms lacking a cell wall are included in the kingdom Animalia. The mode of nutrition of these organisms is holozoic. They reproduce mostly by the sexual mode. Some acellular organisms like viruses and viroids as well as the lichens are not included in the five kingdom system of classification.- NIFT - 2024
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Who decides which constituency is to be reserved? On what basis is this decision taken? This decision is taken by an independent body called the Delimitation Commission. The Delimitation Commission is appointed by the President of India and works in collaboration with the Election Commission of India. It is appointed for the purpose of drawing up the boundaries of constituencies all over the country. A quota of constituencies to be reserved in each State is f ixed depending on the proportion of SC or ST in that State. After drawing the boundaries. the Delimitation Commission looks at the composition of population in each constituency. Those constituencies that have the highest proportion of Scheduled Tribe population are reserved for ST. In the case of Scheduled Castes, the Delimitation Commission looks at two things. It picks constituencies that have higher proportion of Scheduled Caste population. But it also spreads these constituencies in different regions of the State. This is done because the Scheduled Caste population is generally spread evenly throughout the country. These reserved constituencies can be rotated each time the Delimitation exercise is undertaken- NIFT - 2024
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Drug major Novartis is planning to divest its Indian eyecare portfolio to Mumbaibased JB Chemicals, in a deal estimated to be around ¥ 1.000 crore. The Novartis spin-off will join the list of several MNCs pruning their drug portfolios and reducing exposure to the Indian market, due to multiple reasons. including increased competition and tough business environment. Sources say the move fits well with the MNC’s strategy to capitalize its ophthalmic therapy, while for JB Chemicals it will offer an entry into a growing business segment.
Over last few months, global Big Pharma have been divesting their branded generic portfolio to domestic companies and rationalizing their portfolio by selling off key assets. Further, large Indian players are doubling down on India as an attractive diversification from a USgenerics market beaten up heavily by price erosion. As a consequence, several deals were inked where Indian companies snapped up high-growth brands from MNCs and local sellers at attractive valuations. The deal is expected to be announced over the next few days. Emails sent across to Novartis and JB Chemicals did not elicit a response. Ageing population and increasing access to eyecare. especially in emerging markets, is a strong growth opportunity for drug companies. The demand for eyecare is expected to increase significantly as people spend more time in front of tablets and mobile devices. Sources added that existing eyecare portfolio in India of Novartis is understood to be around Z 400-500 crore. including certain brands transferred from eyecare biggie Alcon. when it was spun off from Novartis. In 2019 under a global restructuring move, Novartis had spun off Alcon into a standalone business to focus on its core area of pharmaceuticals. Alcon is a global leader in eyecare, offering solutions to issues like cataracts, glaucoma., retinal diseases and refractive errors.
The stock market seems to have got a wind of the potential deal. Over the last few days. scrips of both Novartis India and JB Chem have witnessed a spurt. On December 7, JB Chem traded on a new 52-week high at Z 1555, while Novartis India stock closed Z 706 on Friday. Further. Novartis had last year announced the transfer of sales & distribution of a few of its established medicines, including the Voveran and Calcium range to Dr.Reddy’s.- NIFT - 2024
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Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) reported weak growth through HIFY24 but it witnessed a boost in embedded value (EV) due to equity market performance. But concerns regarding its stock include loss of market share as it is outpaced by private sector rivals. sticky operating expenses (reduced slightly yearon-year but up in Q2FY24 versus Q1FY24). and high sensitivity of embedded value to equity volatility.
Traders may also factor in the likelthood of another stake sale by the Government of India. These concerns are reflected in valuations. LIC trades at a big discount in price/EV terms (less than 1x) compared to private sector rivals (mostly 3x or more). Growth is healthy on a sequential basis but weak on a Y-0-Y basis. The individual annualized premium equivalent (APE) in HIF’Y24 was flat Y-0-Y at Z 14,640 crore, whereas the group APE was down by 24.5 percent Y-0-Y to Z 7.990 crore. Policies that provide policyholders a share of the insurance company’s profits as an annual dividend payout are also called par or with-profit policies.
The VNB (value of new business) margin was flat on a Y-0-Y basis despite the rise in share of non-par business. which is margin positive. The VNB margin for HIFY24 was 14.61 percent against 14.58 percent in HIFY23. Though the rise in share of non-par products had a positive impact on the VNB margin. more benefits were given to policyholders, particularly for annuity. which pulled margins down again.
The product mix shift to non-par should push the VNB margin up in the long-term. But competitive intensity meant product pricing had to be low-margin and more benefits were offered to policyholders. The annuity rates have also been increased. The overall APE dropped 10.3 percent over the past year to ¥ 22.630 crore. The individual business accounted for 64.7 percent of the APE. The individual APE was flat Y-o-Y, whereas the group business dropped 24.5 percent.
The solvency ratio is adequate. and the movement to non-par is positive for margins. But further loss of market share would occur unless LIC pushes up growth rates to match rivals. It’s hard to estimate EV trends. Valuations are cheap which leaves room for some upside.- NIFT - 2024
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India didn’t sign the Global Renewables and Energy Efficiency Pledge that aims to triple global renewable energy capacity and double the rate of energy efficiency by 2030. That’s despite having successfully ensured a commitment to the aspiration by the G20 in the New Delhi Leaders’ Declaration.
India has a domestic target of increasing its renewable energy capacity to 450GW from its current level of 130GW by 2030.
New Delhi’s absence from the list of 118 countries that joined the pledge came as something of a surprise. Prime Minister Narendra Modi had highlighted India’s role as G20 president in securing the agreement on renewable energy capacity and energy efficiency. All the G20 countries- barring India, China and Russia- have signed on to the pledge launched on Saturday by COP28 president Sultan Al Jaber. The pledge seeks to triple global installed renewable energy capacity to at least 11,000GW and double the global energy efficiency improvement rate to more than 4% by 2030.
As G20 president. India had pushed for the adoption of a numerical target for the tripling of renewable energy. without much success. ”What is interesting is that as the G20 presidency. India pushed for not just the idea of tripling renewable energy capacities but also attempted to set a target. 11.000 GW by 2030. In its efforts. India was supported by only the European Union (EU) and its member states. ” said a senior delegate privy to G20 negotiations on energy.
India’s decision not to join the pledge can likely be attributed to the focus on coal and investments in it.- NIFT - 2024
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