Question

Provision of Judicial review is

• A. only in India
• B. only in Britain
• C. only in America
• D. in both America and India

Hint:

Pair it: US—Marbury v. Madison; India—Arts. 13, 32, 226 and basic structure. UK is the outlier (no strong-form review).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: United States. Judicial review of legislation/executive action is entrenched via Marbury v. Madison (1803) under Article III—courts can strike down unconstitutional acts.
Step 2: India. Judicial review is woven into the Constitution through Articles 13, 32, 136, 226, 141, etc., and affirmed as part of the basic structure (e.g., {Kesavananda Bharati}, 1973).
Step 3: Britain contrast. The UK follows Parliamentary sovereignty; courts cannot invalidate primary Acts of Parliament on constitutional grounds (leaving aside ECHR/HRA compatibility declarations).
Step 4: Conclude. \[ \boxed{\text{Judicial review exists in both America and India (Option D).}} \]