Question:

Protonema stage is found in

Updated On: Jul 5, 2022
  • ferns '
  • mosses
  • liverworts
  • fungi
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The Correct Option is A

Solution and Explanation

Protonema is the filamentous or plate like stage produced from the developing spore of the mosses. It produces the gametophore by vegetative means.
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Concepts Used:

Gymnosperms

Gymnosperms are flowerless plants that produce cones and seeds. It literally means "naked seed". They sit exposed on the surface of leaf-like structures called bracts. Gymnosperms are vascular plants of the subkingdom Embyophyta and include conifers, cycads, ginkgoes, and gnetophytes. They are abundant in temperate forest and boreal forest biomes with species that can tolerate moist or dry conditions.

Characteristics of Gymnosperms

  1. They do not produce flowers.
  2. Seeds are not formed inside a fruit.
  3. They are found in colder regions where snowfall occurs.
  4. They form cones with reproductive structures.
  5. Xylem does not have vessels and the phloem and it has no companion cells and sieve tubes.