Question:
Primary $CO_2$ acceptor of CAM plant
Primary $CO_2$ acceptor of CAM plant
Updated On: Jul 28, 2022
- OAA
- PGA
- PEP and RuBP
- citric acid
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The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
Primary acceptor of CAM plant is PEP and RuBP. In CAM plants stomata are open at night. $CO_2$ is absorbed from outside. With the help of PEP carboxylase it is immediately fixed. The acceptor is phosphoenol pyruvate or PEP. Malic add is end product of dark fixation of $CO_2$. It is stored inside cell vacuoles. During daytime stomata are closed. However light is available for photosynthesis. Malic acid moves out of the cell vacuoles. It is decarboxylated with the help of malic enzyme. Pyruvate is produced. It is metabolised. The released $CO_2$ is again fixed through Calvin cyde with the help of RuBP and Rubisco. CAM plants perform acidification or dark fixation of $CO_2$ during night and deacidification during day to release $CO_2$ for adual photosynthesis.
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Concepts Used:
C4 Pathway
- Every photosynthetic plant moves according to the Calvin cycle, but in some plants, there is a primary stage to the Calvin Cycle called the C4 pathway. Plants in tropical desert regions commonly move accordingly to the C4 pathway. Here, a 4-carbon compound called oxaloacetic acid (OAA) is the first product of carbon fixation. Such plants are special and have specific adaptations as well.
- The C4 pathway commences with a molecule called phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) which is a three-carbon molecule. This is the primary CO2 acceptor and the carboxylation, that takes place with the help of an enzyme called PEP carboxylase. They yield a 4-C molecule known as oxaloacetic acid (OAA).
- In due course, it is converted into another 4-carbon compound called malic acid. Later, they are shifted from mesophyll cells to bundle sheath cells. Here, OAA is crumbled to yield carbon dioxide and a 3-C molecule.
- The CO2 thus formed, is utilized in the Calvin cycle, whereas the 3-C molecule is shifted back to mesophyll cells for regeneration of PEP.
- Sugarcane, corn, and shrubs are some examples of plants that follow the C4 pathway. Calvin pathway is a very common pathway in both C3 plants and C4 plants, but it takes place only in the mesophyll cells of the C3 Plants and not in the C4 Plants.