Phenol does not undergo nucleophilic substitution reaction easily due to:
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For nucleophilic substitution reactions, the leaving group must be able to easily break away. The stronger the bond with the leaving group, the less likely substitution will occur.
Phenol does not undergo nucleophilic substitution reaction easily due to the presence of a partial double bond character between the carbon and oxygen atoms in the hydroxyl group ( OH). This partial double bond character makes the C OH bond more stable, making it less reactive for nucleophilic substitution.