Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
This question asks about the group of people Pearl S. Buck was most interested in meeting during her travels in India, as described in her work "India Through a Traveller's Eyes".
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
In her writings about India, Pearl S. Buck makes it clear that to understand the true spirit and reality of the country, one must look beyond the intellectuals and leaders in the cities. She believed the heart of India lay in its villages and with its common people. She expresses a deep desire to meet and understand the lives of the Indian peasants, seeing them as the foundation of the nation's culture and future.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Pearl S. Buck was most interested in meeting the peasants of India to understand the country. Therefore, option (C) is the correct answer.