Question

On the basis of \(\Delta_0\) and P (pairing energy), how can you differentiate between a strong field ligand and a weak field ligand?

Hint:

The strength of a ligand is determined by the magnitude of the crystal field splitting it creates, which influences the spin configuration of the complex.

Answer 1

A strong field ligand creates a large splitting energy (\(\Delta_0\)) that is greater than the pairing energy (P), causing electrons to pair up in the lower energy orbitals. In contrast, a weak field ligand causes a small splitting energy (\(\Delta_0\)), so electrons remain unpaired in higher energy orbitals. Strong field ligands typically lead to low spin complexes, while weak field ligands result in high spin complexes.