Step 1: Understanding the Introduction of Election Offences in IPC.
Election-related offences were not originally included in the Indian Penal Code (IPC). They were later introduced by a subsequent amendment, primarily through the Representation of People Act, which deals with various election-related offences.
Step 2: Explanation of Other Options.
- (a) Initially, election offences were not a part of the IPC.
- (c) This is incorrect as election offences are covered by the IPC after their amendment.
- (d) This option is incorrect as election offences are part of IPC due to an amendment.
Step 3: Conclusion.
Offences relating to elections were introduced in the IPC by a subsequent amendment.
A glance over all the Sections related to extortion would reveal a clear distinction being carried out between the actual commission of extortion and the process of putting a person in fear for the purpose of committing extortion. Section 383 defines extortion, the punishment therefor is given in Section 384. Sections 386 and 388 provide for an aggravated form of extortion. These sections deal with the actual commission of an act of extortion, whereas Sections 385, 387 and 389 IPC seek to punish for an act committed for the purpose of extortion even though the act of extortion may not be complete and property not delivered. It is in the process of committing an offence that a person is put in fear of injury, death or grievous hurt. Section 387 IPC provides for a stage prior to committing extortion, which is putting a person in fear of death or grievous hurt ’in order to commit extortion’, similar to Section 385 IPC. Hence, Section 387 IPC is an aggravated form of 385 IPC, not 384 IPC. Having deliberated upon the offence of extortion and its forms, we proceed to analyze the essentials of both Sections, i.e.,383 and 387 IPC, the High Court dealt with.
(Extracted from Balaji Traders v. State of UP, 2025 INSC 806)