Question:
Nitrifying bacteria
Nitrifying bacteria
Updated On: Jul 28, 2022
- oxidize ammonia to nitrates
- convert free nitrogen to nitrogen compounds
- convert proteins into ammonia
- reduce nitrates to free nitrogen.
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Solution and Explanation
Nitrifying bacteria involves the oxidation of ammonia to nitrates through nitrites called nitrification. Nitrite bacteria (Ntirosomoncts and Nitrococcus) convert ammonia to nitrites whereas, nitrate bacteria (Nitrobacter and Nitrocystis) convert nitrite to soluble nitrates.
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Concepts Used:
Metabolism of Nitrogen
Nitrogen Cycle
The central part of nitrogen metabolism is the Nitrogen Cycle. A nitrogen molecule is made of two nitrogen atoms held together by a solid triple covalent bond (N ≡ N). There are three central pools of nitrogen – atmosphere, soil, and biomass.
Atmospheric Pool
The process of converting atmospheric nitrogen (N2) to ammonia (NH3) is called nitrogen fixation. Atmospheric nitrogen is rooted in three ways – biological, electrical, and industrial.
Soil Pool
The above processes rooted atmospheric nitrogen into the soil. This nitrogen is then taken up by plants and animals, accordingly.
Biomass Pool
When plants and animals die, the organic nitrogen within them has degraded to ammonia the process is ‘Ammonification‘ and it returns nitrogen back to the soil.