Question

Match the welding techniques in Column I with the most appropriate applications in Column II.
Column I
(P) Submerged arc welding
(Q) Electroslag welding
(R) Shielded metal arc welding
(S) Resistance spot welding
Column II
(1) Thick sections
(2) Surfacing and repair
(3) Thin sheets
(4) Flat position

• A. P – 4, Q – 1, R – 2, S – 3
• B. P – 3, Q – 2, R – 1, S – 4
• C. P – 1, Q – 3, R – 4, S – 2
• D. P – 2, Q – 4, R – 3, S – 1

Hint:

Associate welding processes with keywords: - {SMAW (Stick):} Versatile, repair - {SAW (Submerged Arc):} High deposition, flat position - {ESW (Electroslag):} Very thick plates, vertical - {RSW (Spot Welding):} Thin sheets, cars

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
This question requires matching different welding processes with their characteristic applications or limitations. Each process has unique features that make it suitable for specific materials, thicknesses, joint types, or welding positions.
Step 2: Detailed Matching:
- (P) Submerged arc welding (SAW): This is a high-deposition-rate arc welding process. The arc is "submerged" under a blanket of granular flux, which protects the weld pool from the atmosphere. Because of the loose flux, this process is generally limited to the flat position (1F) and horizontal fillet position (2F). It's known for making high-quality welds in thick plates. Among the options, "Flat position" is a defining limitation. P matches with 4.
- (Q) Electroslag welding (ESW): This is a very high-deposition-rate welding process used for joining extremely thick sections of steel (typically 25 mm to 300 mm or more) in a single pass. The welding is done in the vertical position. It is commonly used in the construction of large structures, bridges, and ships. Q matches with 1.
- (R) Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW): Also known as "stick welding," this is one of the most common and versatile welding processes. It can be used in all positions and on a wide variety of materials. Because of its flexibility and portability, it is extensively used for maintenance, surfacing, and repair work in the field and in fabrication shops. R matches with 2.
- (S) Resistance spot welding (RSW): This is a resistance welding process used to join overlapping sheets of metal. Current is passed through the sheets between two electrodes, generating heat at the interface, which forms a molten nugget that solidifies to join the parts. It is extremely fast and ideal for mass production of assemblies made from thin sheets, such as automobile bodies. S matches with 3.
Step 3: Compiling the Matches:
The correct pairings are:
- P \(⇒\) 4 (Flat position)
- Q \(⇒\) 1 (Thick sections)
- R \(⇒\) 2 (Surfacing and repair)
- S \(⇒\) 3 (Thin sheets)
This corresponds to the sequence P-4, Q-1, R-2, S-3.
Step 4: Why This is Correct:
This sequence matches option (A). Each pairing correctly identifies a key application or characteristic of the respective welding process.