Question

Match the industrial product in Column I with the fermentative organism in Column II.

• A. P-3, Q-4, R-2, S-1
• B. P-1, Q-3, R-2, S-4
• C. P-3, Q-1, R-4, S-2
• D. P-2, Q-1, R-3, S-4

Hint:

Industrial microbiology relies on specific organisms: {Acetobacter} for vinegar, {Aspergillus} for citric acid, yeast for ethanol, and bacteria like {Enterobacter} for amino acids such as lysine.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Match vinegar.
Vinegar is produced from ethanol by oxidation using the bacterium {Acetobacter aceti}. So: P $\rightarrow$ 3.
Step 2: Match citric acid.
Citric acid is industrially produced through fermentation using the fungus {Aspergillus niger}. So: Q $\rightarrow$ 4.
Step 3: Match ethanol.
Ethanol is produced by fermentation of sugars using yeast {Saccharomyces cerevisiae}. So: R $\rightarrow$ 2.
Step 4: Match L-Lysine.
L-Lysine is an amino acid produced by microbial fermentation using {Enterobacter aerogenes} (among other bacteria such as {Corynebacterium glutamicum}). So: S $\rightarrow$ 1.

Step 5: Conclude.
The correct matching is: P-3, Q-4, R-2, S-1, which corresponds to option (A). Final Answer: \[ \boxed{\text{(A) P-3, Q-4, R-2, S-1}} \]