Question

Match the following sociologists in Column P with their views on religion in Column Q. 

Column P	Column Q
A) Karl Marx	I) \( \text{Opiate of the people} \)
B) Max Weber	II) \( \text{Sources of social solidarity} \)
C) Clifford Geertz	III) \( \text{A source of capitalist outlook} \)
D) Emile Durkheim	IV) \( \text{A cultural system} \)
	V) \( \text{A source of modernity} \)

• A. A–I, B–II, C–V, D–III
• B. A–I, B–III, C–V, D–II
• C. A–IV, B–III, C–II, D–V
• D. A–I, B–III, C–IV, D–II

Hint:

Match keywords: Marx–{opiate}; Weber–{Protestant ethic/capitalism}; Geertz–{symbols/cultural system}; Durkheim–{solidarity/collective conscience}.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

A) Karl Marx $\rightarrow$ I (Opiate of the people). Marx viewed religion as ideology that dulls class suffering.
B) Max Weber $\rightarrow$ III (Source of capitalist outlook). Weber’s {Protestant Ethic} links religious ideas to the spirit of capitalism.
C) Clifford Geertz $\rightarrow$ IV (A cultural system). Geertz defines religion as a system of symbols that shapes meaning.
D) Emile Durkheim $\rightarrow$ II (Sources of social solidarity). Durkheim emphasized religion’s role in collective conscience and cohesion.
Final Answer: Option (D).