Step 1: Matching Flood
Flood occurs due to Excess rain and uneven distribution of water. This can happen when there is more rain than an area can handle or when water is poorly managed.
Correct match: a-iv.
Step 2: Matching Drought
Drought occurs due to Lack of rainfall for sufficient duration. It leads to water scarcity and poor agricultural conditions.
Correct match: b-i.
Step 3: Matching Earthquake
Earthquake occurs due to Tremors produced by the passage of vibratory waves through the rocks of the earth. These tremors are caused by the sudden release of energy in the Earths crust.
Correct match: c-ii.
Step 4: Matching Volcano
Volcano occurs through A vent through which molten substances come out, typically caused by tectonic activity where magma escapes to the surface.
Correct match: d-iii.
Step 5: Conclusion
The correct matches are:
a-iv, b-i, c-ii, d-iii. Therefore, the correct answer is (4).
Answer: (4) a-iv, b-i, c-ii, d-iii