Question

Match List-I with List-II:

List-I	List-II
(A) Controlled Data Sharing	(I) Same data maintained in different places does not match
(B) Data Isolation	(II) Limited Access given to users
(C) Data Dependence	(III) There is no mapping between two files
(D) Data Inconsistency	(IV) If the structure of a file is changed, all the existing programs accessing that file also need to be changed

• (A) - (II), (B) - (III), (C) - (IV), (D) - (I)
• (A) - (II), (B) - (III), (C) - (I), (D) - (IV)
• (A) - (IV), (B) - (II), (C) - (III), (D) - (I)
• (A) - (III), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (II)

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

The task is to match List-I with List-II based on the provided options. We must understand the definitions and relations of each term to make the correct matches. 

1. Controlled Data Sharing: This term signifies circumstances where access to certain data is limited to specific users to protect data integrity and confidentiality. Thus, it matches the description: Limited Access given to users in List-II. Therefore, the correct match is (A) - (II).

2. Data Isolation: This occurs when different data sets cannot be easily combined or queried together due to lack of interrelation. It relates to There is no mapping between two files from List-II. Therefore, (B) - (III) is the correct match.

3. Data Dependence: Refers to situations where changes in data structure require changes in all the accessing application programs. This corresponds to If the structure of a file is changed, all the existing programs accessing that file also need to be changed in List-II. Hence, (C) - (IV) is the right match.

4. Data Inconsistency: Occurs when the same data stored in different places does not match, possibly due to improper updates or redundancy. This aligns with the description Same data maintained in different places does not match in List-II. So, (D) - (I) is the correct match.

Thus, the correct matches are: (A) - (II), (B) - (III), (C) - (IV), (D) - (I).

Answer 2

The correct matching of database concepts is (A) - (II), (B) - (III), (C) - (IV), (D) - (I).

Additional Context:

• (A) Controlled Data Sharing: (II) Limited Access given to users
  • Implemented through GRANT/REVOKE permissions
  • Example: HR can view salaries but other departments cannot
• (B) Data Isolation: (III) No mapping between two files
  • Occurs when applications manage their own files
  • Databases solve this with unified schema
• (C) Data Dependence: (IV) Program changes needed when file structure changes
  • Problematic in file systems
  • Databases provide logical/physical independence
• (D) Data Inconsistency: (I) Same data differs across locations
  • Caused by uncontrolled redundancy
  • Solved via database normalization
• Database Advantages:
  • ACID properties prevent inconsistency
  • Views enable controlled sharing

Correct Answer: (1) (A) - (II), (B) - (III), (C) - (IV), (D) - (I).