Manipulation of DNA in genetic engineering became possible due to the discovery of
Manipulation of DNA in genetic engineering became possible due to the discovery of
- Restriction endonuclease
- DNA ligase
- Transcriptase
- Primase
The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
The correct option is (A) : Restriction endonuclease
The discovery of restriction endonuclease made it feasible to manipulate DNA for use in genetic engineering. There are several hundred restriction enzymes that have been isolated from bacterial cells and are used by molecular biologists as tools. Each one has a unique sequence requirement that determines where it will cut DNA. As a result, when a restriction enzyme breaks down DNA, it produces a distinctive collection of fragments that can be separated by electrophoresis and then examined.
Top Questions on Biotechnology
- Student to attempt either option (A) or (B):
(A) Name the Indian crop variety for which, in 1997, an American company got patent rights through the US Patent and Trademark Office. This is considered a case of Biopiracy. Justify.
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(B) State two purposes for which the Indian Government has set up GEAC (Genetic Engineering Approval Committee).- CBSE CLASS XII - 2025
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- Why are transgenic animals so called?
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- Gene therapy can be used to treat an ADA deficient patient. Explain.
Is it a permanent cure? How can ADA be cured permanently?- CBSE CLASS XII - 2025
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- Assertion (A): A piece of DNA inserted into an alien organism generally does not replicate, if not inserted into a chromosome.
Reason (R): \textit{Chromosomes have specific sequences called ‘ori’ region, where DNA replication is initiated.- CBSE CLASS XII - 2025
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Questions Asked in NEET exam
The current passing through the battery in the given circuit, is:
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A bob of heavy mass \(m\) is suspended by a light string of length \(l\). The bob is given a horizontal velocity \(v_0\) as shown in figure. If the string gets slack at some point P making an angle \( \theta \) from the horizontal, the ratio of the speed \(v\) of the bob at point P to its initial speed \(v_0\) is :
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- Two cities X and Y are connected by a regular bus service with a bus leaving in either direction every T min. A girl is driving scooty with a speed of 60 km/h in the direction X to Y. She notices that a bus goes past her every 30 minutes in the direction of her motion, and every 10 minutes in the opposite direction. Choose the correct option for the period T of the bus service and the speed (assumed constant) of the buses.
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- Relative Velocity
- The intensity of transmitted light when a polaroid sheet, placed between two crossed polaroids at \(22.5^\circ\) from the polarization axis of one of the polaroids (\(I_0\) is the intensity of polarised light after passing through the first polaroid):
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A full wave rectifier circuit with diodes (\(D_1\)) and (\(D_2\)) is shown in the figure. If input supply voltage \(V_{in} = 220 \sin(100 \pi t)\) volt, then at \(t = 15\) msec:
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- Semiconductor Diode
Concepts Used:
Applications of Biotechnology
Biotechnology is the technology that utilizes biological systems, living organisms, or parts of this to develop or create different products.
For example, brewing and baking bread fall within the concept of biotechnology (use of yeast (= living organism) to produce the desired product).
Agriculture
Alternative to conventional farming: A possible solution is the use of genetically modified crops which is an alternative path to conventional farming.
Medicine
In the area of healthcare, recombinant DNA technological processes have made an immense impact which enables the mass production of safe and more effective therapeutic drugs.
Gene Therapy
A collection of methods that allows the correction of a gene defect that has been diagnosed in a child/embryo is called Gene Therapy.
CRISPR technology
For editing genomes, CRISPR is a simple yet powerful tool which allows researchers to easily alter DNA sequences and modify gene function.