Manipulation of DNA in genetic engineering became possible due to the discovery of
Manipulation of DNA in genetic engineering became possible due to the discovery of
- Restriction endonuclease
- DNA ligase
- Transcriptase
- Primase
The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
The correct option is (A) : Restriction endonuclease
The discovery of restriction endonuclease made it feasible to manipulate DNA for use in genetic engineering. There are several hundred restriction enzymes that have been isolated from bacterial cells and are used by molecular biologists as tools. Each one has a unique sequence requirement that determines where it will cut DNA. As a result, when a restriction enzyme breaks down DNA, it produces a distinctive collection of fragments that can be separated by electrophoresis and then examined.
Top Questions on Biotechnology
- Student to attempt either option (A) or (B):
(A) Name the Indian crop variety for which, in 1997, an American company got patent rights through the US Patent and Trademark Office. This is considered a case of Biopiracy. Justify.
OR
(B) State two purposes for which the Indian Government has set up GEAC (Genetic Engineering Approval Committee).- CBSE CLASS XII - 2025
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- Why are transgenic animals so called?
- With the help of an example each, explain the role of transgenic animals in the following:
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- [(ii)] Biological products
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- Student to attempt either option (A) or (B): (A) How is DNA isolated in purified form from a bacterial cell?
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(B) Explain how human functional insulin was produced by using recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology.- CBSE CLASS XII - 2025
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- Gene therapy can be used to treat an ADA deficient patient. Explain.
Is it a permanent cure? How can ADA be cured permanently?- CBSE CLASS XII - 2025
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- Assertion (A): A piece of DNA inserted into an alien organism generally does not replicate, if not inserted into a chromosome.
Reason (R): \textit{Chromosomes have specific sequences called ‘ori’ region, where DNA replication is initiated.- CBSE CLASS XII - 2025
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Questions Asked in NEET exam
A sphere of radius R is cut from a larger solid sphere of radius 2R as shown in the figure. The ratio of the moment of inertia of the smaller sphere to that of the rest part of the sphere about the Y-axis is :
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Predict the major product $ P $ in the following sequence of reactions:
(i) HBr, benzoyl peroxide
(ii) KCN
(iii) Na(Hg), $C_{2}H_{5}OH$- NEET (UG) - 2025
- Organic Chemistry
AB is a part of an electrical circuit (see figure). The potential difference \(V_A - V_B\), at the instant when current \(i = 2\) A and is increasing at a rate of 1 amp/second is:
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- Electromagnetic Induction and Inductance
- A wire of resistance \(R\) is cut into 8 equal pieces. From these pieces, two equivalent resistances are made by adding four of these together in parallel. Then these two are added in series. The net effective resistance of the combination is:
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- Resistance
- Consider the diameter of a spherical object being measured with the help of a Vernier Callipers. Suppose its 10 Vernier Scale Divisions (V.S.D.) are equal to its 9 Main Scale Divisions (M.S.D.). The least count in the M.S. is 0.1 cm and the zero of V.S. is at -0.1 cm when the jaws of Vernier callipers are closed. If the main scale reading for the diameter is \(M = 5\) cm and the number of coinciding vernier division is 8, the measured diameter after zero error correction, is:
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Concepts Used:
Applications of Biotechnology
Biotechnology is the technology that utilizes biological systems, living organisms, or parts of this to develop or create different products.
For example, brewing and baking bread fall within the concept of biotechnology (use of yeast (= living organism) to produce the desired product).
Agriculture
Alternative to conventional farming: A possible solution is the use of genetically modified crops which is an alternative path to conventional farming.
Medicine
In the area of healthcare, recombinant DNA technological processes have made an immense impact which enables the mass production of safe and more effective therapeutic drugs.
Gene Therapy
A collection of methods that allows the correction of a gene defect that has been diagnosed in a child/embryo is called Gene Therapy.
CRISPR technology
For editing genomes, CRISPR is a simple yet powerful tool which allows researchers to easily alter DNA sequences and modify gene function.