Step 1: Understanding the Siwalik Group.
The Siwalik Group is a series of sedimentary rock formations in the northern part of India and Nepal. It is rich in fossils, especially mammalian fossils, and is known for its significant contribution to the study of prehistoric life.
Step 2: Analyzing the options.
(A) Haimanta Group: This group is not well-known for mammalian fossils.
(B) Jabalpur Group: This group is mainly known for its fossilized plants.
(C) Siwalik Group: Correct — The Siwalik Group is famous for its rich mammalian fossil deposits.
(D) Uttar Group: This group is not a major source of mammalian fossils.
Step 3: Conclusion.
The correct answer is (C) Siwalik Group, which is known for its rich mammalian fossil deposits.
| Group I | Group II |
| P. Dissepiment | 1. Echinodermata |
| Q. Delthyrium | 2. Trilobita |
| R. Pygidium | 3. Brachiopoda |
| S. Ambulacrum | 4. Anthozoa |
Two boreholes A and B, both inclined towards 270°, penetrate a dipping coal bed at the same point and pass through it entirely in the sub-surface as shown in the figure below. The bed dips towards 270°. The thickness of the coal bed, measured along the borehole A is 10 m and along borehole B is 8 m. The angle between the two boreholes is 20°. The orthogonal thickness \( x \) of the coal bed is ........ m. (Round off to one decimal place) 
A well-developed succession of laminated shale is bound by two volcanic ash beds that were precisely dated as shown in the schematic diagram given below. Assuming a constant sedimentation rate, the age of the fossiliferous limestone bed 65 m above the basal volcanic ash bed is ............ Ma. (Round off to nearest integer) 
The data tabulated below are for flooding events in the last 400 years.
The probability of a large flood accompanied by a glacial lake outburst flood (GLOF) in 2025 is ........... \(\times 10^{-3}\). (Round off to one decimal place)
| Year | Flood Size | Magnitude rank |
|---|---|---|
| 1625 | Large | 2 |
| 1658 | Large + GLOF | 1 |
| 1692 | Small | 4 |
| 1704 | Large | 2 |
| 1767 | Large | 2 |
| 1806 | Small | 4 |
| 1872 | Large + GLOF | 1 |
| 1909 | Large | 2 |
| 1932 | Large | 2 |
| 1966 | Medium | 3 |
| 2023 | Large + GLOF | 1 |
A satellite launching vehicle is carrying a lander for Moon mapping.
As shown in the figure below, P is the position where the gravitational forces exerted by Earth and Moon on the vehicle balance out.
The distance \( P \) from the center of the Earth is ........... \(\times 10^5\) km. (Round off to two decimal places)
The isobaric temperature-composition (T–X) phase diagram given below shows the phase relation between components M and N. The equilibrium melting undergone by the rock R to generate the liquid of composition L is .............. % (In integer )