A Kata thermometer is an instrument used to measure the cooling power of the environment, specifically by determining the time it takes for the thermometer to cool from a higher temperature (e.g., 38°C) to a lower temperature (e.g., 35°C). This cooling time is influenced by air movement, temperature, and humidity, making it a useful tool in assessing ventilation and thermal comfort in environments like mines. It does not directly measure wet bulb or dry bulb temperatures (options 1 and 2), nor does it measure heat convection (option 4) directly, but rather uses cooling time to infer environmental conditions. Thus, the correct answer is Cooling time.