Inductive effect involves
- displacement of $\sigma$ electron
- delocalisation of $\pi$ electrons
- delocalisation of $\sigma$ electrons
- displacement of $\pi$ electrons
The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
The correct answer is A displacement of \(\sigma\) electron
The inductive effect helps spread the unequal sharing of the bonding electron through the atoms in a chain of the molecule. This leads to the formation of a dipole in a bond. This distribution of electrons is also called displacement of electrons.
In an inductive effect, the sigma (σ) electrons are getting displaced resulting in the polarization of the bond. The inductive effect is the polarization of a σ bond due to the presence of an electron-withdrawing or an electron-donating group or atoms in a molecule. During the inductive effect, shifting of electrons takes place due to which partial charges occur on the atom.
\(\overset{{+ \delta "}}{ {C }} - \overset{{+ \delta '}}{ {C }} - \overset{{+ \delta}}{ {C }} - \overset{{- \delta }}{ {C}1} -\)
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Concepts Used:
Organic Chemistry – Some Basic Principles and Techniques - Reaction Mechanism
SN1 Reaction Mechanism:
SN1 reaction mechanism takes place by following three steps –
- Formation of carbocation
- Attack of nucleophile
- Deprotonation
SN2 Reaction Mechanism:
The SN2 reaction mechanism involves the nucleophilic substitution reaction of the leaving group (which generally consists of halide groups or other electron-withdrawing groups) with a nucleophile in a given organic compound.
Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Reaction Mechanism:
The mechanism of an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction contains three main components which are:
- A new sigma bond from C=C is formed during the reaction in the arene nucleophile.
- Due to the breaking of the C-H sigma bond, a proton is removed.
- The C=C bond is reformed and it restores the aromaticity of the compound.
Electrophilic Substitution Reaction Mechanism:
The electrophilic substitution reaction mechanism is composed of three steps, which will be discussed more below.
- Electrophile Generation
- Carbocation Formation
- Proton Removal