Indian Standard Time (IST) is based on the longitude of 82° 30'E. The Earth is divided into 24 time zones, with each time zone representing 15° of longitude. Each degree of longitude corresponds to 4 minutes of time.
- 82° 30'E corresponds to \( 82.5 \times 4 = 330 \) minutes ahead of Greenwich Mean Time (GMT), which is equal to 5 hours and 30 minutes.
Thus, IST is ahead of GMT by 5 hours and 30 minutes.